Application of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Monitor the Early Antitumor Effect of CuS@GOD Nanoparticles in a 4 T1 Breast Cancer Xenograft Model

Authors：Ye, Yao-Jiang; Huang, Xiu-Jie; Luo, Bi-Chong; Wang, Xiao-Ying^*; Cai, Xiang-Ran^*

Source：Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 2022, 55(1): 301-310.

DOI：10.1002/jmri.27867

• CuS@GOD nanoparticles
• intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging
• R-2* mapping
• photocatalytic effect

Background We have developed hybrid nanoparticles (NPs) by co-loading copper sulfide (CuS) NPs and glucose oxidase (GOD) (CuS@GOD NPs) to explore their antitumor properties. Purpose To investigate the feasibility of using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) and R-2* mapping to quantitatively assess the early antitumor effect of CuS@GOD NPs. Study type Prospective. Animal model The orthotopic BALB/c mice 4 T1 breast cancer model. The 4 T1 xenografts in group 1 mice received normal saline, group 2 received CuS@GOD NPs, group 3 received CuS NPs plus laser, and group 4 received CuS@GOD NPs plus laser (n = 28 for each group). Field Strength/Sequence A 3.0 T/IVIM-DWI MRI single-shot echo-planar imaging, R-2* mapping spoiled gradient recalled echo (SPGR) sequence, T2-weighted images (T2WI) and T1-weighted images (T1WI) fast spin echo (FSE) sequence. Assessment The IVIM-DWI and R-2* mapping were performed before and after treatment at 0 hour, 0.5 hour, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, and 24 hours in four groups and the MRI parameters were obtained. Correlation analysis between the MRI parameters and histological analyses was conducted. Statistical Tests One-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, two independent samples t test, intraclass correlation coefficient. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results In group 4, the tumoral D value was significantly higher than that of group 2 at 24 hours (0.541 +/- 0.065 vs. 0.492 +/- 0.051). The f value of group 4 was significantly lower than that of groups 1 and 2 at 2 hours (10.83 +/- 2.16 vs. 14.28 +/- 1.86, 16.67 +/- 3.53, respectively). The R-2* value was significantly increased at 0 hour in group 4 compared to that of groups 1 and 2 (64.552 +/- 4.663 vs. 42.441 +/- 1.516, 43.165 +/- 1.709, respectively). D, f, and R-2* were correlated with the histological staining results (r = 0.695-0.970). Data Conclusion The IVIM-DWI-derived D and f and R-2* mapping-derived R-2* could monitor early response to CuS@GOD NPs treatment in vivo. Evidence Level 2 Technical Efficacy Stage 2

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