An improved Hummers method to synthesize graphene oxide using much less concentrated sulfuric acid

摘要

The production of graphene oxide with less acid is beneficial to reduce the costs and lower the impact on the environment, but it is still a great challenge. In this work, a relatively simple, safe method for synthesizing graphene oxide with much less acid (decrease similar to 40%) is proposed. With assistance of the heat absorbed from environment and reaction system, the temperature of reaction system of low acid can be well controlled. More interestingly, the graphite can be completely oxidized into graphite oxide by using much less acid, with lowering the production of high-concentration aqueous waste acid (> 1 mol/L, decrease similar to 40%). A series of characterizations show that the prepared graphene oxide has similar yield and functional groups compared with that of using the conventional method. This work provides a safe and environmentally friendly choice for the large-scale production of graphene oxide and its derivative materials.

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