Real-time frequency-encoded spatiotemporal focusing through scattering media using a programmable 2D ultrafine optical frequency comb

Authors：Wei, Xiaoming; Shen, Yuecheng; Jing, Joseph C.; Hemphill, Ashton S.; Yang, Changsheng; Xu, Shanhui; Yang, Zhongmin^*; Wang, Lihong, V^*

Source：Science Advances, 2020, 6(8): eaay1192.

DOI：10.1126/sciadv.aay1192

• FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY
• TURBIDITY SUPPRESSION
• PHASE CONJUGATION
• LIGHT
• SPACE

Optical wavefront shaping is a powerful tool for controlling photons in strongly scattering media. Its speed, however, has been the bottleneck for in vivo applications. Moreover, unlike spatial focusing, temporal focusing from a continuous-wave source has rarely been exploited yet is highly desired for nonlinear photonics. Here, we present a novel real-time frequency-encoded spatiotemporal (FEST) focusing technology. FEST focusing uses a novel programmable two-dimensional optical frequency comb with an ultrafine linewidth to perform single-shot wavefront measurements, with a fast single-pixel detector. This technique enables simultaneous spatial and temporal focusing at microsecond scales through thick dynamic scattering media. This technology also enabled us to discover the large-scale temporal shift, a new phenomenon that, with the conventional spatial memory effect, establishes a space-time duality. FEST focusing opens a new avenue for high-speed wavefront shaping in the field of photonics.

• Institution
  中山大学