科研之友
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摘要
Fusarium wilt of banana is caused by the soil-borne pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc). To increase the suppression activity, an improved mixed microbial community (a mixture of antagonists H-1, H-5, H-6, and H-7) was prepared for biofertilizer production, and underlying disease suppression mechanisms were determined. The results from pot experiments indicated that the biocontrol efficacies of organic acid soil ameliorant in combination with biofertilizer (OBIOs) and inorganic acid soil ameliorant in combination with biofertilizer (ABIOs) were 70.0% and 73.3%, respectively. OBIOs and ABIOs treatments also significantly increased the soil pH from 4.50 to 4.92 and 5.57. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that the densities of bacteria and actinomycetes increased, while those of fungi decreased, in the rhizosphere soil and/or fresh plant stems. The fermentation of antagonists H-1 and H-7 showed significant antagonistic effects on pathogens by increasing the malonaldehyde (MDA) concentration while reducing the ergosterol and protein concentrations and pectinase activities. The suppression efficacy of different treatments was significantly (P < 0.05) positively correlated with the increment pH, the bacteria/fungi ratio, NH4-N, organic matter, and dissolved organic carbon, whereas it was negatively correlated with the pathogen density and NO3-N. In conclusion, the combination of acid soil ameliorant with biofertilizer showed a greater potential to control Fusarium wilt of banana, and the effect might result from improving the soil acid-alkali conditions and the toxicological effect on the pathogen.
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单位广东省农业科学院
