The molecular mechanism of nuclear signaling for degradation of cytoplasmic DNA: Importance in DNA damage response and cancer*

作者：Mohammadi, Erfan; Sadoughi, Fatemeh; Younesi, Simin; Karimian, Ansar; Asemi, Zatollah^*; Far***-Akhtar, Nader^*; Jahanbakhshi, Fahime; Jamilian, Hamidreza; Yousefi, Bahman^*

来源：DNA Repair, 2021, 103: 103115.

DOI：10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103115

• DNA damage response
• DNA repair
• Molecular mechanisms
• Enzymes

This review summarizes and addresses non-coding RNAs (rRNA, tRNA, Vault and Y RNA, snRNA, and miRNA) cytoplasmic decay pathways, the molecules, enzymes, and modifications such as uridylation, which play vital roles in the degradation processes in various eukaryotic organisms. Plus, SIRT1 ' s role in fundamental cellular processes, including autophagy, DNA repair, DNA damage response (DDR), and the molecular mechanisms, is explored. Further, the HuR (an RNA-binding protein) impact on the expression of genes following DNA damage, and the pathways that regulate HuR function, which is through phosphorylation by Chk1/Cdk1 and Chk2, are specified. Finally, the role of DIF1/ Rnr2-Rnr4 in DDR has been discussed.