Bi-level programming approach for coordinated configuration of distributed generations and automation devices in distribution networks

作者：Xie, Dong; Liu, Mingbo; Xu, Lixin^*; Lu, Wentian

来源：INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS, 2021, 133: 107210.

DOI：10.1016/j.ijepes.2021.107210

• Bi-level programming
• Coordinated configuration
• Distributed generation
• Automation devices

Improving system reliability and voltage profiles in distribution networks requires the simultaneous installation of distributed generations and automation devices. This paper builds a bi-level programming model for the coordinated configuration of distributed generations and automation devices. The upper-level problem is to minimize the total investment cost of distributed generations and automation devices and the penalty cost of power shortages, and the lower-level problem is to minimize the voltage deviation during typical operation mode. To explicitly represent the relationship between the penalty cost of power shortages and installation locations of distributed generations and automation devices, an analytical expression of the failure rates of load nodes with respect to installation locations of distributed generations and automation devices is derived. The bilevel model can be transformed to a mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem by applying the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker theorem because the lower-level problem is a quadratically constrained linear programming problem. Case studies on an IEEE 33-bus distribution system and a practical 110-bus distribution system in China are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.