Causal associations between dietary habits and CVD: a Mendelian randomisation study

作者：Yang, Miaomiao; Gao, Xiong; Xie, Liangzhen; Lin, Zhizhan; Ye, Xingsheng; Ou, Jianyan; Peng, Jian^*

来源：British Journal of Nutrition, 2023, 130(12): 2104-2113.

DOI：10.1017/S000711452300140X

• Mendelian randomisation
• CVD
• Dietary habits
• GWAS

Over the years, numerous observational studies have substantiated that various dietary choices have opposing effects on CVD. However, the causal effect has not yet been established. Thus, we conducted a Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis to reveal the causal impact of dietary habits on CVD. Genetic variants strongly associated with 20 dietary habits were selected from publicly available genome-wide association studies conducted on the UK Biobank cohort (n 449 210). Summary-level data on CVD were obtained from different consortia (n 159 836-977 323). The inverse-variance weighted method (IVW) was the primary outcome, while MR-Egger, weighted median and MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier were used to assess heterogeneity and pleiotropy. We found compelling evidence of a protective causal effect of genetic predisposition towards cheese consumption on myocardial infarction (IVW OR = 0 & BULL;67; 95 % CI = 0 & BULL;544, 0 & BULL;826; P = 1 & BULL;784 x 10(-4)) and heart failure (IVW OR = 0 & BULL;646; 95 % CI = 0 & BULL;513, 0 & BULL;814; P = 2 & BULL;135 x 10(-4)). Poultry intake was found to be a detrimental factor for hypertension (IVW OR = 4 & BULL;306; 95 % CI = 2 & BULL;158, 8 & BULL;589; P = 3 & BULL;416 x 10(-5)), while dried fruit intake was protective against hypertension (IVW OR = 0 & BULL;473; 95 % CI = 0 & BULL;348, 0 & BULL;642; P = 1 & BULL;683 x 10(-6)). Importantly, no evidence of pleiotropy was detected. MR estimates provide robust evidence for a causal relationship between genetic predisposition to 20 dietary habits and CVD risk, suggesting that well-planned diets may help prevent and reduce the risk of CVD.

• 单位
  南方医科大学