Genome-wide characterization and expression analysis of GRAS genes in carmine radish (Raphanus sativus L.)

作者：Gao, Jian^*; Zheng, Zhangfei; Chen, Siyi; Wang, Chuanyi; Chen, Fabo; Peng, Hua; Song, Xia; Li, Wenbo

来源：Scientia Horticulturae, 2023, 308: 111532.

DOI：10.1016/j.scienta.2022.111532

• Radish(Raphanus sativus L
• )
• GRAS gene family
• Bioinformatics techniques
• Heavy metal stress
• Expression profile

GRAS (gibberellin acid insensitive, repressor of GAI, and scarecrow) genes are important regulators of plant growth and development, secondary metabolism, stress and signal transduction. Carmine radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is a well-known red radish pigment container that is cultivated in Fuling, Chongqing city. To inves-tigate the potential functions of GRAS transcription factors in carmine radish, the gene structure, evolution and expression patterns of GRAS were comprehensively analyzed using bioinformatics. A total of 48 candidate GRAS gene family members were identified and comprised 11 clusters: LISCL (13), PAT1 (10), SHR (4), DELLA (4), SCR (4), SCL4\7 (2), SCL3 (3), SCL32 (3), DLT (2), LAS (1) and NSP2 (1). These cluster underwent phylogenetic analysis. Transcriptome data revealed potentially different functions for RsGRAS genes in different tissues and in response to heavy metal tolerance. The results showed that 10 RsGRAS genes from four subfamilies (PAT1, DELLA, SCR, and LISCL) were high (FPKM > 5) in all of the tested tissues. RsSCL33a-1, RsSCL26, RsRGL3, RsSCL13-2, RsSCL1-2, RsSCL32-2, RsSCL28-1 and RsSHR-2 were identified with great alterations in both radish cultivars under heavy metal (Cd) stress. RsSCL32-2, RsSCL28-1 and RsSCL13-2 were significantly changed in response to various heavy metal stresses in the heavy metal-tolerant radish 'XCB' compared to the heavy metal -susceptible radish 'HX' (carmine radish). This study provides comprehensive insight into the GRAS genes in carmine radish for genetic improvements of carmine radish.