Exploration of the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Anti-Photoaging Effect of Limosilactobacillus fermentum XJC60

作者：Chen, Huizhen; Li, Ying; Xie, Xinqiang; Chen, Moutong; Xue, Liang; Wang, Juan; Ye, Qinghua; Wu, Shi; Yang, Runshi; Zhao, Hui; Zhang, Jumei; Ding, Yu^*; Wu, Qingping^*

来源：Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2022, 12: 838060.

DOI：10.3389/fcimb.2022.838060

• Limosilactobacillus fermentum
• skin
• anti-photoaging
• nicotinamide
• pan-genome analysis
• UV

Although lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were shown to be effective for preventing photoaging, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Accordingly, we examined the anti-photoaging potential of 206 LAB isolates and discovered 32 strains with protective activities against UV-induced injury. All of these 32 LABs exhibited high levels of 2,2-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl, as well as hydroxyl free radical scavenging ability (46.8985.13% and 44.29-95.97%, respectively). Genome mining and metabonomic verification of the most effective strain, Limosilactobacillus fermentum XJC60, revealed that the anti-photoaging metabolite of LAB was nicotinamide (NAM; 18.50 mg/L in the cell-free serum of XJC60). Further analysis revealed that LAB-derived NAM could reduce reactive oxygen species levels by 70%, stabilize the mitochondrial membrane potential, and increase the NAD+/NADH ratio in UV-injured skin cells. Furthermore, LAB-derived NAM downregulated the transcript levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, MMP-3, interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-6, and IL-8 in skin cells. In vivo, XJC60 relieved imflammation and protected skin collagen fiber integrity in UV-injured Guinea pigs. Overall, our findings elucidate that LAB-derived NAM might protect skin from photoaging by stabilizing mitochondrial function, establishing a therotical foundation for the use of probiotics in the maintenance of skin health.

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