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摘要
A deep eutectic solvent (choline chloride (ChCl)-urea) was chosen to extract flavonoids from Moringa oleifera leaves (FMOL), the condition of extraction was tailor-made, under the optimal extraction conditions (material-to-liquid ratio of 1:60 g/mL, extraction time of 80 min, extraction temperature of 80 degrees C), the highest extraction efficiency reached 63.2 +/- 0.3 mg R/g DW, and nine flavonoids were identified. Then, the biological activities including antioxidant activities, antibacterial activities, and anti-tumor activities were systematically studied. FMOL was superior to positive drugs in terms of antioxidant activity. As to DPPH investigation, the IC50 of FMOL and Vc were 64.1 +/- 0.7 and 176.1 +/- 2.0 mu g/mL; for the ABTS, the IC50 of FMOL and Vc were 9.5 +/- 0.3 and 38.2 +/- 1.2 mu g/mL, the FRAP value of FMOL and Vc were 15.5 +/- 0.6 and 10.2 +/- 0.4 mg TE/g, and ORAC value of FMOL and Vc were 4687.2 +/- 102.8 and 3881.6 +/- 98.6 mu mol TE/g. The bacteriostatic (MICs were <= 1.25 mg/mL) activities of FMOL were much better than propyl p-hydroxybenzoate. Meanwhile, FMOL had comparable inhibitory activity with genistein on tumor cells, IC50 was 307.8 mu g/mL, and could effectively induce apoptosis in HCT116. Microcapsules were prepared with xylose-modified soybean protein isolate and gelatin as wall materials; after that, the intestinal release of modified FMOL microcapsules was 86 times of free FMOL. Therefore, this study confirmed that FMOL extracted with ChCl/urea has rich bioactive components, and microencapsulated FMOL has potential application in food industry.
