Live-attenuated vaccine sCPD9 elicits superior mucosal and systemic immunity to SARS-CoV-2 variants in hamsters

Nouailles, Geraldine; Adler, Julia M.; Pennitz, Peter; Peidli, Stefan; Teixeira Alves, Luiz Gustavo; Baumgardt, Morris; Bushe, Judith; Voss, Anne; Langenhagen, Alina; Langner, Christine; Martin Vidal, Ricardo; Pott, Fabian; Kazmierski, Julia; Ebenig, Aileen; Lange, Mona V.; Muehlebach, Michael D.; Goekeri, Cengiz; Simmons, Szandor; Xing, Na; Abdelgawad, Azza; Herwig, Susanne; Cichon, Guenter; Niemeyer, Daniela; Drosten, Christian; Goffinet, Christine; Landthaler, Markus; Bluethgen, Nils

Science Citation Index Expanded

河北医科大学; 重庆大学

摘要

Comparison of mucosal and systemic immunity after vaccination with the live-attenuated vaccine sCPD9, mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 or an adenovirus-vectored vaccine following SARS-CoV-2 challenge in hamsters. @@@ Vaccines play a critical role in combating the COVID-19 pandemic. Future control of the pandemic requires improved vaccines with high efficacy against newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants and the ability to reduce virus transmission. Here we compare immune responses and preclinical efficacy of the mRNA vaccine BNT162b2, the adenovirus-vectored spike vaccine Ad2-spike and the live-attenuated virus vaccine candidate sCPD9 in Syrian hamsters, using both homogeneous and heterologous vaccination regimens. Comparative vaccine efficacy was assessed by employing readouts from virus titrations to single-cell RNA sequencing. Our results show that sCPD9 vaccination elicited the most robust immunity, including rapid viral clearance, reduced tissue damage, fast differentiation of pre-plasmablasts, strong systemic and mucosal humoral responses, and rapid recall of memory T cells from lung tissue after challenge with heterologous SARS-CoV-2. Overall, our results demonstrate that live-attenuated vaccines offer advantages over currently available COVID-19 vaccines.

关键词

T-CELLS IMMUNIZATION INTRANASAL PROTECTS