Aetiology of tinea capitis in China: a multicentre prospective study

作者：Chen, X-Q; Zheng, D-Y; Xiao, Y-Y; Dong, B-L; Cao, C-W; Ma, L.; Tong, Z-S; Zhu, M.; Liu, Z-H; Xi, L-Y; Fu, M.; Jin, Y.; Yin, B.; Li, F-Q; Li, X-F; Abliz, P.; Liu, H-F; Zhang, Y.; Yu, N.; Wu, W-W; Xiong, X-C; Zeng, J-S; Huang, H-Q; Jiang, Y-P; Chen, G-Z; Pan, W-H; Sang, H.; Wang, Y.; Guo, Y.; Shi, D-M; Yang, J-X; Chen, W.; Wan, Z.; Li, R-Y; Wang, A-P; Ran, Y-P; Yu, J.^*

来源：British Journal of Dermatology, 2022, 186(4): 705-712.

DOI：10.1111/bjd.20875

• EPIDEMIOLOGY
• INFECTIONS
• EVOLUTION

Background Tinea capitis is still common in developing countries, such as China. Its pathogen spectrum varies across regions and changes over time. Objectives This study aimed to clarify the current epidemiological characteristics and pathogen spectrum of tinea capitis in China. Methods A multicentre, prospective descriptive study involving 29 tertiary hospitals in China was conducted. From August 2019 to July 2020, 611 patients with tinea capitis were enrolled. Data concerning demography, risk factors and fungal tests were collected. When necessary, the pathogens were further identified by morphology or molecular sequencing in the central laboratory. Results Among all enrolled patients, 74 center dot 1% of the cases were in patients aged 2-8 years. The children with tinea capitis were mainly boys (56 center dot 2%) and were more likely than adults to have a history of animal contact (57 center dot 4% vs. 35 center dot 3%, P = 0 center dot 012) and zoophilic dermatophyte infection (73 center dot 5% vs. 47%). The adults were mainly female (83%) and were more likely than children to have anthropophilic agent infection (53% vs. 23 center dot 9%). The most common pathogen was zoophilic Microsporum canis (354, 65 center dot 2%), followed by anthropophilic Trichophyton violaceum (74, 13 center dot 6%). In contrast to the eastern, western and northeastern regions, where zoophilic M. canis predominated, anthropophilic T. violaceum predominated in central China (69%, P < 0 center dot 001), where the patients had the most tinea at other sites (20%) and dermatophytosis contact (26%) but the least animal contact (39%). Microsporum ferrugineum was the most common anthropophilic agent in the western area, especially in Xinjiang province. Conclusions Boys aged approximately 5 years were the most commonly affected group. Dermatologists are advised to pay more attention to the different transmission routes and pathogen spectra in different age groups from different regions.

• 单位
  南方医科大学; 北京大学; 南京大学; 中山大学; 复旦大学; 青岛大学; 1; 哈尔滨医科大学; 吉林大学; 华中科技大学; 四川大学; 中国医学科学院北京协和医院; 浙江大学