科研之友
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摘要
Background: Cellulose, having huge reserves of natural polymers, has been widely applied in pharmaceutical and biomedicine fields due to its good biocompatibili-ty, biodegradability, non-toxicity and excellent mechanical properties. At present, wa-ter-resistant metal-based and petroleum-based materials applied in the medical field have obvious problems of poor biocompatibility and high cost. Therefore, water-resistant cellu-lose-based materials with good biocompatibility and low price have become an attractive alternative. This review aims to summarize the preparation of water-resistant cellu-lose-based materials and their potential application in pharmaceutical and biomedical in recent years. Methods: Common hydrophobic treatments of cellulose fibers or paper were overviewed. The preparation, properties and applications of water-resistant cellu-lose-based materials in the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields were summarized. Results: Common hydrophobic treatments of cellulose fibers or paper were divided into chemical modification (graft polymerization, crosslinking, solution casting or dip -coat-ing), physico-chemical surface modifications (plasma treatments, surface patterning, elec-trostatic spraying and electrowetting) and physical processing (electrostatic spinning, SAS process and 3D EHD printing). These hydrophobically processed cellulose fibers or paper could be prepared into various water-resistant cellulose-based materials and ap-plied in pharmaceutical excipients, drug-loaded amphiphilic micelles, drug-loaded com-posite fibers, hydrophobic biocomposite film/coatings and paper-based detectors. They presented excellent water resistance and biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity and high drug loading ability, and stable drug release rate, etc., which could be used for water-insoluble drugs carriers, wound dressings, and medical testing equipment. Conclusion: Currently, water-resistant cellulose-based materials were mainly applied in water-insoluble drugs delivery carriers, wound dressing and medical diagnosis and pre-sented great application prospects. However, the contradiction between hydrophobicity and mechanical properties of these reported water-resistant cellulose-based materials limited their wider application in biomedicine such as tissue engineering. In the future, at -tention will be focused on the higher hydrophobicity of water-resistant cellulose-based materials with excellent mechanical properties. In addition, clinical medical research of water-resistant cellulose-based materials should be strengthened.
