In-situ formation of niobium oxide - Niobium carbide - Reduced graphene oxide ternary nanocomposite as an electrochemical sensor for sensitive detection of anticancer drug methotrexate

作者：Devi, Ramadhass Keerthika; Ganesan, Muthusankar; Chen, Tse-Wei^*; Chen, Shen-Ming^*; Akilarasan, Muthumariappan; Shaju, Anlin; Rwei, Syang-Peng; Yu, Jaysan; Yu, Yen-Yao

来源：Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2023, 643: 600-612.

DOI：10.1016/j.jcis.2023.03.142

• Niobium oxide
• Niobium carbide
• Reduced graphene oxide
• Methotrexate
• Anticancer drug
• Electrochemical sensor

Engineering the nanostructure of an electrocatalyst is crucial in developing a high-performance electrochemical sensor. This work exhibits the hydrothermal followed by annealing synthesis of niobium oxide/ niobium carbide/reduced graphene oxide (NbO/NbC/rGO) ternary nanocomposite. The oval-shaped NbO/ NbC nanoparticles cover the surface of rGO evenly, and the rGO nanosheets are interlinked to produce a micro-flower-like architecture. The NbO/NbC/rGO nanocomposite-modified electrode is presented here for the first time for the rapid and sensitive electrochemical detection of the anticancer drug methotrexate (MTX). Down-sized NbO/NbC nanoparticles and rGO's high surface area provide many active sites with a rapid electron transfer rate, making them ideal for MTX detection. In comparison to previously reported MTX sensors, the developed drug sensor exhibits a lower oxidation potential and a higher peak current responsiveness. The constructed sensors worked analytically well under optimal conditions, as shown by a low detection limit of 1.6 nM, a broad linear range of 0.1-850 lM, and significant recovery findings (-98 %, (n = 3)) in real samples analysis. Thus, NbO/NbC/rGO nanocomposite material for highperformance electrochemical applications seems promising.

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