Mechanisms of cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity of CAR T-cell therapy and associated prevention and management strategies

作者：Xiao, Xinyi; Huang, Shengkang; Chen, Sifei; Wang, Yazhuo; Sun, Qihang; Xu, Xinjie^*; Li, Yuhua^*

来源：JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH, 2021, 40(1): 367.

DOI：10.1186/s13046-021-02148-6

• CAR T-cell
• Cytokine release syndrome (CRS)
• Immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS)
• Neurotoxicity
• Mechanisms
• Management
• Strategies

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has yielded impressive outcomes and transformed treatment algorithms for hematological malignancies. To date, five CAR T-cell products have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Nevertheless, some significant toxicities pose great challenges to the development of CAR T-cell therapy, most notably cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). Understanding the mechanisms underlying these toxicities and establishing prevention and treatment strategies are important. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms underlying CRS and ICANS and provide potential treatment and prevention strategies.

• 单位
  南方医科大学; 中山大学; 中国医学科学院; 中国医学科学院北京协和医院