科研之友
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摘要
目的： 探讨电焊紫外线对电焊工人的皮肤损伤、氧化损伤以及DNA损伤。 方法： 于2017年5月1日至6月30日，选择125名电焊工人作为接触组，按工龄分为接触2、4、6、8、10年组，各25人；选择25名健康志愿者作为对照组。对接触组工人进行防护用品发放和佩戴情况的问卷调查；对两组研究对象进行专业的皮肤科检查，收集外周血检测总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）、单一核细胞DNA损伤情况，分析紫外线对上述指标的影响。 结果： 电焊面罩、防尘口罩、护目镜发放率分别为100.0%（125/125）、96.0%（120/125）、98.4%（123/125），电焊手套的发放率为64.8%（81/125）；电焊面罩和护目镜的佩戴率分别为100.0%（125/125）、90.4%（113/125），防尘口罩、电焊手套的佩戴率分别为89.6%（112/125）、64.0%（80/125）。接触2年组工人的手部和面部脱皮、皮肤瘙痒等急性皮肤损伤表现严重，接触10年组以感觉迟钝麻木、疣状赘生物慢性皮肤损伤表现为主。与对照组比较，接触6、8、10年组工人外周血血清T-AOC水平明显降低，各接触工龄组工人彗星尾部DNA含量明显增高（P<0.05），彗星尾部DNA含量随着工龄的增加而增加（F=1 501.130，P<0.05）。 结论： 电焊紫外线可致工人皮肤损伤、机体抗氧化能力降低，DNA损伤随工龄的增加而增高。.; Objective: To explore the skin damage, oxidative damage and DNA damage of welding workers caused by ultra violet. Methods: From 1 May to 30 June 2017, 125 welding workers were selected as the contact group, which was divided into 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10-year-working age groups with 25 workers in each group and 25 healthy volunteers as the control group. The workers in the contact group were investigated with questionnaires on the distribution and wearing of protective equipment; the subjects in the two groups were examined in dermatology, and the peripheral blood was collected to detect the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and DNA damage of mononuclear cells, and the influence of ultraviolet on the above indexes was analyzed. Results: The distribution rates of welding mask, dust mask and goggles were 100.0% (125/125) , 96.0% (120/125) , 98.4% (123/125) , respectively, and the distribution rates of welding gloves were 64.8% (81/125) ; the wearing rates of welding mask and goggles were 100.0% (125/125) , 90.4% (113/125) , and the wearing rates of dust mask and welding gloves were 89.6% (112/125) and 64.0% (80/125) , respectively. The acute skin injuries such as hand and face peeling and skin pruritus were serious in the 2-year-working age group, and the chronic skin injuries such as insensitive and numbness and verrucous vegetations were the main manifestations in the 10-year-working age group. Compared with the control group, T-AOC in peripheral blood of workers exposed to 6, 8 and 10 years decreased significantly, and DNA content in comet tail of workers exposed to various working years increased significantly (P<0.05) , while DNA content in comet tail increased with working years (F=1501.130, P<0.05) . Conclusion: UV welding can cause skin damage, reduce the antioxidant capacity of the body, and increase DNA damage with the increase of working age.
