摘要

The rapid development of wireless communications, software-defined radios, and ultrawideband (UWB) engenders an ever-increasing demand for clock generators that fully covers multiple frequency bands [1], [2], [3]. As the "heartbeat " that pumps clock generators, such as phase-locked loops (PLLs), microwave oscillators with wideband frequency tuning range (TR) are thus attracting a great deal of research interest.