Antihyperuricemic activities of an ethanolic and aqueous extract of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) shell and a new aldehyde xanthine oxidase inhibitor

摘要

Hyperuricemia is a common metabolic disorder disease in human and is associated with increased xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity. This study was aimed to evaluate the antihyperuricemic activities of an ethanolic and aqueous extract of walnut (Juglans regia L.) shell in vivo and obtain active compounds with high xanthine oxidase inhibitory (XOI) activities and distinct chemical structures form allopurinol in vitro. Finally, the structure-XOI activity relationship of the active compound was further discussed based on the molecular docking. The in vivo antihyperuricemic study indicated that the walnut shell extract (WSE) could decrease the serum uric acid levels significantly (20-days treatment, P < 0.05; 30-days treatment, P < 0.01). And a new aldehyde XOD inhibitor with high XOI activity was obtained through XOI activity-guided purification in vitro. The studies of structure-XOI activity relationship and molecular docking indicated that the synergy of aldehyde group, double bond and hydroxyl group at C-4 in p-coumaric aldehyde was the critical contributor for its high XOI activity.

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